Effects of 5-AR inhibitors on sex development

See also: Research on teratogenicity (birth abnormalities)

Bowman CJ, Barlow NJ, Turner KJ, Wallace DG, Foster PM. Effects of in utero exposure to finasteride on androgen-dependent reproductive development in the male rat. Toxicol Sci. 2003. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfg128 • PubMed

Christiansen S, Scholze M, Dalgaard M, et al. Synergistic disruption of external male sex organ development by a mixture of four antiandrogens. Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Dec. doi:10.1289/ehp.0900689PubMedPMC full text

Corbin CJ, Legacki EL, Ball BA, Scoggin KE, Stanley SD, Conley AJ. Equine 5α-reductase activity and expression in epididymis. J Endocrinol. 2016 Oct. doi:10.1530/JOE-16-0175PubMed

George FW, Johnson L, Wilson JD. The effect of a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor on androgen physiology in the immature male rat. Endocrinology. 1989 Nov. doi:10.1210/endo-125-5-2434PubMed

Henderson NA, Robaire B. Effects of PNU157706, a dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, on rat epididymal sperm maturation and fertility. Biol Reprod. 2005 Feb;72(2):436-43. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.104.033548 | PubMed

Hib J, Ponzio R. The abnormal development of male sex organs in the rat using a pure antiandrogen and a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor during gestation. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Ther Latinoam. 1995. PubMed

[⚠️ Lead author was involved in finasteride development with Merck] Imperato-McGinley J, Sanchez RS, Spencer JR, Yee B, Vaughan ED. Comparison of the effects of the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride and the antiandrogen flutamide on prostate and genital differentiation: dose-response studies. Endocrinology. 1992 Sep. doi:10.1210/endo.131.3.1324152PubMed

Kolasa-Wołosiuk A, Tarnowski M, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Chlubek D, Wiszniewska B. Antioxidant enzyme expression of mRNA and protein in the epididymis of finasteride-treated male rat offspring during postnatal development. Arch Med Sci. 2019 May. doi:10.5114/aoms.2017.68528 • PubMed • PMC full text

Kurzrock EA, Jegatheesan P, Cunha GR, Baskin LS. Urethral development in the fetal rabbit and induction of hypospadias: a model for human development. J Urol. 2000 Nov. PubMed

Maldarine JS, Sanches BDA, Santos VA, et al. Low-dose in utero exposure to finasteride promotes developmental changes in both male and female gerbil prostates. Environ Toxicol. 2020 Jan. doi:10.1002/tox.22838 • PubMed

Maldarine JS, Sanches BDA, Santos VA, et al. Postnatal exposure to finasteride causes different effects on the prostate of male and female gerbils. Cell Biol Int. 2020 Jun. doi:10.1002/cbin.11328 • PubMed

Prahalada S, Tarantal AF, Harris GS, et al. Effects of finasteride, a type 2 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, on fetal development in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Teratology. 1997 Feb. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9926(199702)55:2<119::AID-TERA1>3.0.CO;2-ZPubMed

Ribeiro CM, Pereira OC. 5alpha-reductase 2 inhibition impairs brain defeminization of male rats: reproductive aspects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2005. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2005.08.015 • PubMed

Shen R, Lin MC, Sadeghi F, Swerdloff RS, Rajfer J, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. Androgens are not major down-regulators of androgen receptor levels during growth of the immature rat penis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1996 Mar. doi:10.1016/0960-0760(95)00283-9PubMed. Erratum in: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1996 Apr.

[⚠️ Last author was involved in finasteride development with Merck] Spencer JR, Torrado T, Sanchez RS, Vaughan ED Jr, Imperato-McGinley J. Effects of flutamide and finasteride on rat testicular descent. Endocrinology. 1991 Aug. doi:10.1210/endo-129-2-741PubMed

Suzuki H, Suzuki K, Yamada G. Systematic analyses of murine masculinization processes based on genital sex differentiation parameters. Dev Growth Differ. 2015 Dec. doi:10.1111/dgd.12247PubMed